被动语态 _英语_超越多媒体学校

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被动语态

发布时间：2010/3/5 阅读次数：576 字体大小: 【小】【中】【大】

英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。
eg. We use a knife for cutting (主动句).
A knife is used for cutting (被动句)。
一、构成：be + 过去分词
eg. 1)The work is finished by him.
2)Chinese is spoken by people in China.
二、被动语态的时态
1.一般现在时：am/ is/ are + 过去分词
eg. English is spoken by Englishmen.
2.一般过去时：was/ were + 过去分词
eg. The machines were made in China.
3.一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+过去分词
eg. A sports meeting will be held in our school next week.
4.现在完成时：have/ has been + 过去分词
eg. The work has been done by them.
5.现在进行时：am/ is/ are being + 过去分词。
eg. A new school is being built in our village.
6.过去进行时：was/ were being + 过去分词
eg. My TV set was being mended at that time.
综上所述：被动语态的时态只涉及be动词的变化（即：be动词的各种时态）
另外注意以下几点：
1.含情态动词的被动语态：
can / may / must / should + be + 过去分词
eg. He may be sent away from school.
2.带动词不定式的被动语态
eg. My bike needs to be mended.
3.在使用被动语态时，如需要指出动作执行者时，应用“by + 动作的执行者(宾格)”
eg. He was called Mike by us
4.不及物动词无被动语态（take place/ happen ; last ; rise ; sink ; fall等）
eg. The accident was happened two days ago (改错) _________
5.当宾语补足语是省to不定式时，在改作被动语态之后，应将省去的to还原。
eg.The boss made the workers work 12 hours.
→The workers were made to work 12 hours.
6.注意短语动词的完整性（即：主动句的谓语动词若由v + prep / adv构成，变被动语态时，不能将这些介词、副词遗漏。
eg. We must take care of the baby.
→The baby must be taken care of.
练习题
( )1.This factory has been____ for two years
A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened
( )2.The light in the room ___ before you leave. A. must turn off B. will turn off
C. are turned off D. must be turned off
( )3.The young trees ____ planted in spring.
A. must B. have C. must be D. must are
( )4.Chinese ____ by Miss Wang three years ago. A. was taught B. is taught
C. was teached D. were teach
( )5.Young trees ___ quite often.
A. should water B. should be water
C. should be watered D. should have watered
( )6.English ___ by many people in the world
A. speaks B. speak C. are spoken D. is spoken
( )7.The old people ___ well in our country.
A. is looked after B. are looked after
C. looks after D. look for
( )8. Alice is ill. She ____ to hospital at once.
A. is sent B. must be sent
C. can send D. must send
( )9. The factory ____ in 1958.
A. was built B. is built
C. will be built D. built
( )10.Our teacher told us that the classroom _____ every day.
A. should be cleaned B. should cleaned
C. shall be cleaned D. must cleaned
( )11.Football ____ all over the world.
A. plays B. is playing
C. has played D. is played
( )12.____ silk ____ in Suzhou?
A. Is , produced B. Are, produced
C. Does, produce D. Was, produce
( )13.Much money ____ spent on books every year. A. have B. has C. are D. is
( )14.The students was made ______ the questions by the teacher.
A. answer B. to answer
C. answering D. answered
( )15.The sun ____ when we got there.
A. was risen B. has been risen
C. had risen D. is rising
( )16.The People’s Liberation Army was ____ August 1, 1927.
A. found in B. found on
C. founded on D. founded in
( )17.The oranges should be well ___ during the winter.
A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep
( )18. Many of the sheep ___ by the wolf狼).
A. was killed B. are killed
C. are killing D. were killed
( )19.Tape recorders____ in our English class
A. should use B. used
C. can be used D. are using
( )20. ____ English ____ in Canada?
A. Do, spoken B. Is , spoken
C. Are, spoken D. Does, speak
( )21.He ____ not to leave waster paper everywhere.
A. tells B. told C. was told D. has told
( )22.Who ____ “The Family”, “Spring” and “Autumn” ______?
A. was, written B. were, written
C. were, written by D. are. Written by
( )23.Look at the building! It ____ now.
A. is being built B. has been built
C. is building D. has built
( )24.Half of the work ____ before six.
A. can be done B. will do C. were done
( )25.We ____ stamps for sending letters.
A. are used B. use C. used
( )26.The Great Green Wall(绿色长城)___ in North China.
A. are built B. can be build C. was built
( )27.___ the farm ____ by the students ?
A. was, visited B. Is, visit C. Must, visit
( )28.The woman ____ by people in the waiting room.
A. was laughed B. was laughed at
C. laughed at
( )29. What ____ there?
A. happened B. is happened
C. must be happened
( )30.He was made ______for twelve hours.
A. to work B. work C. worked

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